Error: L6218E: Undefined symbol pairing

well sorry if i offended you by not mentioning my libraries
but as i said am still a beginner here so i didn't know how to use you suggestion :'(
as you have remarked am using the plc and gmp libraries i read the documentation that you have sent to me but am still stuck in my problem
here are the included .h files :
in my bls code
#include "pbc.h"
#include "pbc_test.h"
then within the pbc.h
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include "gmp.h"
#include "pbc_utils.h"
#include "pbc_field.h"
#include "pbc_param.h"
#include "pbc_pairing.h"
#include "pbc_curve.h"
#include "pbc_mnt.h"
#include "pbc_a1_param.h"
#include "pbc_a_param.h"
#include "pbc_d_param.h"
#include "pbc_e_param.h"
#include "pbc_f_param.h"
#include "pbc_g_param.h"
#include "pbc_i_param.h"
#include "pbc_random.h"
#include "pbc_memory.h"

well sorry if i offended you by not mentioning my libraries
but as i said am still a beginner here so i didn't know how to use you suggestion :'(
as you have remarked am using the plc and gmp libraries i read the documentation that you have sent to me but am still stuck in my problem
here are the included .h files :
in my bls code
#include "pbc.h"
#include "pbc_test.h"
then within the pbc.h
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include "gmp.h"
#include "pbc_utils.h"
#include "pbc_field.h"
#include "pbc_param.h"
#include "pbc_pairing.h"
#include "pbc_curve.h"
#include "pbc_mnt.h"
#include "pbc_a1_param.h"
#include "pbc_a_param.h"
#include "pbc_d_param.h"
#include "pbc_e_param.h"
#include "pbc_f_param.h"
#include "pbc_g_param.h"
#include "pbc_i_param.h"
#include "pbc_random.h"
#include "pbc_memory.h"

Hi mariam,

The problem may not be in your code. You may have correctly included the header files but for the all the variables/functions declared in those header files, it must have a definition of those.

So as Per Westermark already said, you need the Libraries implementation files: the source files (.c/.cpp) OR the object files (.o) OR the Library file (*.lib) included in your project.

Check the Libraries documentation and associated supplied files that came with library.

Regards,
Girish Thavai

crystal clear thank you Mr Girish Thavai and Mr Per Westermark

hi
since i filed to generate the implementation libraries files with msys emulation tool i had to change my code
the new code is about calculating energy, ETX and the position of nodes in WSN it includes:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <math.h>
#include "ESSAI2.h"

however i get this warning warning: #223-D: function "min" declared implicitly
then this error
Error: L6218E: Undefined symbol min (referred from main.o).

from other discussions i got to know that it's not a Linker issue

But i couldn't rectify it ..please do you have any hint to help me

Hi mariam,

Go through the Keil Help Manual for List of Errors and Warning. An error starting with L is a linker error.

From your warning and error, it seems the prototype for min() is incorrect or header file is not included or the that function is not defined the cause for generating that linker error.

Regards,
Girish Thavai

however i get this warning warning: #223-D: function "min" declared implicitly
then this error
Error: L6218E: Undefined symbol min (referred from main.o).

a) You used a function without prototyping it, so the compiler made assumptions about the parameters passed.

b) The actual functional code required is not provided anywhere in your project, or it's library files, and the linker can't find it.

The solution would be to determine which include file defines this macro, or provide a macro or function in your own code that does so.

well thank you i found the prob now
actually in my math.h the minimum is defined as fmin and not min

fmin() isn't really suitable.

min() and max() aren't a required part of stdlib.h, although often there.

stackoverflow.com/.../min-and-max-in-c

The common implementation looks like this

/* min and max macros */

#define max(a,b)    (((a) > (b)) ? (a) : (b))
#define min(a,b)    (((a) < (b)) ? (a) : (b))

Try Google, it really works...

thank you very much