Sir, I am using 89c4051 to convert digital to analog. pin 1.0 and 1.1 are used, but I am confused how to us? please help me I don't know anything.
The reference voltage you talk about has to be provided by the microcontroller using some pins connected to an R/2R ladder or by an RC single slope or dual slop.
ladder like this upload.wikimedia.org/.../420px-R2r-ladder.png
each pin of the microcontroller sets a bit of the generated voltage ikalogic.cluster006.ovh.net/.../r2r-.jpg
The output of this the ladder must be connected to P1.0 (since the unknown input voltage is connected to to P1.1)
The ladder method requires some more pins of the microcontroller but can give good precision and resolution if this occupies 7-10pins.
The RC ADC method mentionted previously is charging(or discharging) a capacitor up to a level where the Analog Comparator gives a signal of the two compared voltages. www.atmel.com/.../doc0524.pdf
The RC method uses only 5 pins and have a medium accuracy, but is easy to build.
Both methods are about comparing an unknown voltage with a reference voltage and when the comparator gives the signal changes state the the unkown voltage is equal with the known voltage.
So the algorithm is a continous loop where the ladder or the RC system is updated with new values and wait until the comparator signals the state change.
The analog comparator has it own interrupt system for Enable, Priority, Flag, Vector.
"The analog comparator is always disabled during Idle or Power-down modes" "The comparator operation is such that the output is a logical “1” when the positive input AIN0 (P1.0]) is greater than the negative input AIN1 (P1.1). Otherwise the output is a zero. Setting the CEN bit in ACSR enables the comparator." www.atmel.com/.../doc3390.pdf
ya, your are correct, mcu will provide the reference voltage. while designing we need to set the reference voltage. But the problem here is how to start the comparison? do i need to write software coding for that or it keeps on comparing? As you said we need to enable the comparator i.e set bit CEN of ACSR. but 89c4051 does not have ACSR. what to do? please help me bit in coding... help me in coding how to start comparing? using interrupt or enabling comparator? or any other metods? if you have code please post it
For the AT89C4051 microcontroller the output of analog comparator is defined as: "P3.6 is hard-wired as an input to the output of the on-chip comparator and is not accessible as a general-purpose I/O pin." www.atmel.com/.../doc1001.pdf
The "next" model of AT89S4051 has the ACSR SFR (and PWM also) www.atmel.com/.../doc3390.pdf
Thank you sir, you helped me a lot.
Sir, mcu 89v51rd2 is not communicating serially. rs232 cable is working. mcu was communicating 4 days before, but now it is not communicating.. I have lost 2 mcu. what would be the problem?
Is this the same project with AT89C4051 with DAC/ADC or another one? Is there a problem in serial communication with another device ? Is there a problem with ISP ? Please describe the issue (mcu, board, connections), a "not working" is not enough.
The problem got resolved, now its working. I don't know exactly where the problem was. sometimes communication happens and sometimes it won't communicate...
Thank you
mcu 89v51rd2 is not communicating serially. rs232 cable is working. mcu was communicating 4 days before, but now it is not communicating.. I have lost 2 mcu. what would be the problem? check that your MAX232(equivalent) is connected correctly. do not remember how, but remember it was the transciever connection
Erik
The problem got resolved, now its working. I don't know exactly where the problem was.
Then the problem has not been resolved. It's just gone away for now. But if you don't know what the problem was, then it cannot possibly have been resolved.