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While upgrading a project from the 11.2 to 12.2 releases of the GNU ARM Embedded toolchain, I'm encountering a problem:
[344/346] cmd.exe /C "cd . && C:\tools\jetbrains\apps\CLion\ch-0\223.8617.54\bin\cmake\win\x64\bin\cmake.exe -E rm -f ext\soup\hal\libstm32h7_hal_resmgr.a && C:\PROGRA~2\ARMGNU~1\12DBAB~1.2RE\bin\ARM-NO~2.EXE qc ext\soup\hal\libstm32h7_hal_resmgr.a ext/soup/hal/CMakeFiles/stm32h7_hal_resmgr.dir/STM32CubeH7/Utilities/ResourcesManager/res_mgr.c.obj && C:\PROGRA~2\ARMGNU~1\12DBAB~1.2RE\bin\AR17F9~1.EXE ext\soup\hal\libstm32h7_hal_resmgr.a && cd ." [345/346] cmd.exe /C "cd . && C:\PROGRA~2\ARMGNU~1\12DBAB~1.2RE\bin\AR19DD~1.EXE -O0 -g3 -DDEBUG -TC:/src/h7-eval/CM4/STM32H757XIHX_FLASH.ld -Wl,--cref -Wl,--print-memory-usage -Wl,-Map=C:/src/cmake-build-h7m4-debug-gnu-arm-113/h7-eval/CM4/h7-eval-m4.map -mthumb -mcpu=cortex-m4 -mabi=aapcs --specs=nano.specs -mfloat-abi=hard -mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16 -Wl,--gc-sections -static -Wl,--start-group -lc -lm -Wl,--end-group h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/__/Common/Src/system_stm32h7xx_dualcore_boot_cm4_cm7.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/Core/Src/adc.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/Core/Src/crc.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/Core/Src/cryp.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/Core/Src/dcmi.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/Core/Src/dma2d.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/Core/Src/eth.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/Core/Src/fmc.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/Core/Src/gpio.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/Core/Src/hash.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/Core/Src/i2c.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/Core/Src/main.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/Core/Src/resmgr_utility.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/Core/Src/rng.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/Core/Src/spi.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/Core/Src/stm32h7xx_hal_msp.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/Core/Src/stm32h7xx_it.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/Core/Src/syscalls.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/Core/Src/sysmem.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/Core/Src/tim.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/Core/Src/usart.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/Core/Startup/startup_stm32h757xihx.s.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/__/ThreadSafe/newlib_lock_glue.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/ThreadX/tx_initialize_low_level.S.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/ThreadX/stm32h7xx_hal_timebase_tim.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/__/__/ext/soup/threadx/threadx/utility/execution_profile_kit/tx_execution_profile.c.obj -o h7-eval\CM4\h7-eval-m4.elf ext/soup/hal/libstm32h7_hal.a ext/soup/hal/libstm32h7_hal_resmgr.a ext/soup/threadx/threadx/libthreadx.a ext/soup/hal/libstm32h7_hal.a && cd ." FAILED: h7-eval/CM4/h7-eval-m4.elf cmd.exe /C "cd . && C:\PROGRA~2\ARMGNU~1\12DBAB~1.2RE\bin\AR19DD~1.EXE -O0 -g3 -DDEBUG -TC:/src/h7-eval/CM4/STM32H757XIHX_FLASH.ld -Wl,--cref -Wl,--print-memory-usage -Wl,-Map=C:/src/cmake-build-h7m4-debug-gnu-arm-113/h7-eval/CM4/h7-eval-m4.map -mthumb -mcpu=cortex-m4 -mabi=aapcs --specs=nano.specs -mfloat-abi=hard -mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16 -Wl,--gc-sections -static -Wl,--start-group -lc -lm -Wl,--end-group h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/__/Common/Src/system_stm32h7xx_dualcore_boot_cm4_cm7.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/Core/Src/adc.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/Core/Src/crc.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/Core/Src/cryp.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/Core/Src/dcmi.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/Core/Src/dma2d.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/Core/Src/eth.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/Core/Src/fmc.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/Core/Src/gpio.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/Core/Src/hash.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/Core/Src/i2c.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/Core/Src/main.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/Core/Src/resmgr_utility.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/Core/Src/rng.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/Core/Src/spi.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/Core/Src/stm32h7xx_hal_msp.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/Core/Src/stm32h7xx_it.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/Core/Src/syscalls.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/Core/Src/sysmem.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/Core/Src/tim.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/Core/Src/usart.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/Core/Startup/startup_stm32h757xihx.s.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/__/ThreadSafe/newlib_lock_glue.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/ThreadX/tx_initialize_low_level.S.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/ThreadX/stm32h7xx_hal_timebase_tim.c.obj h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/__/__/ext/soup/threadx/threadx/utility/execution_profile_kit/tx_execution_profile.c.obj -o h7-eval\CM4\h7-eval-m4.elf ext/soup/hal/libstm32h7_hal.a ext/soup/hal/libstm32h7_hal_resmgr.a ext/soup/threadx/threadx/libthreadx.a ext/soup/hal/libstm32h7_hal.a && cd ." c:/progra~2/armgnu~1/12dbab~1.2re/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.2.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld.exe: h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/__/ThreadSafe/newlib_lock_glue.c.obj:C:/src/h7-eval/ThreadSafe/newlib_lock_glue.c:84: multiple definition of `__lock___sfp_recursive_mutex'; c:/progra~2/armgnu~1/12dbab~1.2re/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.2.1/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard\libc_nano.a(libc_a-lock.o):(.bss.__lock___sfp_recursive_mutex+0x0): first defined here c:/progra~2/armgnu~1/12dbab~1.2re/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.2.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld.exe: h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/__/ThreadSafe/newlib_lock_glue.c.obj:C:/src/h7-eval/ThreadSafe/newlib_lock_glue.c:87: multiple definition of `__lock___atexit_recursive_mutex'; c:/progra~2/armgnu~1/12dbab~1.2re/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.2.1/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard\libc_nano.a(libc_a-lock.o):(.bss.__lock___atexit_recursive_mutex+0x0): first defined here c:/progra~2/armgnu~1/12dbab~1.2re/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.2.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld.exe: h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/__/ThreadSafe/newlib_lock_glue.c.obj:C:/src/h7-eval/ThreadSafe/newlib_lock_glue.c:90: multiple definition of `__lock___at_quick_exit_mutex'; c:/progra~2/armgnu~1/12dbab~1.2re/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.2.1/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard\libc_nano.a(libc_a-lock.o):(.bss.__lock___at_quick_exit_mutex+0x0): first defined here c:/progra~2/armgnu~1/12dbab~1.2re/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.2.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld.exe: h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/__/ThreadSafe/newlib_lock_glue.c.obj:C:/src/h7-eval/ThreadSafe/newlib_lock_glue.c:93: multiple definition of `__lock___malloc_recursive_mutex'; c:/progra~2/armgnu~1/12dbab~1.2re/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.2.1/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard\libc_nano.a(libc_a-lock.o):(.bss.__lock___malloc_recursive_mutex+0x0): first defined here c:/progra~2/armgnu~1/12dbab~1.2re/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.2.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld.exe: h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/__/ThreadSafe/newlib_lock_glue.c.obj:C:/src/h7-eval/ThreadSafe/newlib_lock_glue.c:96: multiple definition of `__lock___env_recursive_mutex'; c:/progra~2/armgnu~1/12dbab~1.2re/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.2.1/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard\libc_nano.a(libc_a-lock.o):(.bss.__lock___env_recursive_mutex+0x0): first defined here c:/progra~2/armgnu~1/12dbab~1.2re/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.2.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld.exe: h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/__/ThreadSafe/newlib_lock_glue.c.obj:C:/src/h7-eval/ThreadSafe/newlib_lock_glue.c:99: multiple definition of `__lock___tz_mutex'; c:/progra~2/armgnu~1/12dbab~1.2re/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.2.1/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard\libc_nano.a(libc_a-lock.o):(.bss.__lock___tz_mutex+0x0): first defined here c:/progra~2/armgnu~1/12dbab~1.2re/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.2.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld.exe: h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/__/ThreadSafe/newlib_lock_glue.c.obj:C:/src/h7-eval/ThreadSafe/newlib_lock_glue.c:102: multiple definition of `__lock___dd_hash_mutex'; c:/progra~2/armgnu~1/12dbab~1.2re/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.2.1/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard\libc_nano.a(libc_a-lock.o):(.bss.__lock___dd_hash_mutex+0x0): first defined here c:/progra~2/armgnu~1/12dbab~1.2re/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.2.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld.exe: h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/__/ThreadSafe/newlib_lock_glue.c.obj:C:/src/h7-eval/ThreadSafe/newlib_lock_glue.c:105: multiple definition of `__lock___arc4random_mutex'; c:/progra~2/armgnu~1/12dbab~1.2re/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.2.1/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard\libc_nano.a(libc_a-lock.o):(.bss.__lock___arc4random_mutex+0x0): first defined here c:/progra~2/armgnu~1/12dbab~1.2re/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.2.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld.exe: h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/__/ThreadSafe/newlib_lock_glue.c.obj: in function `__retarget_lock_init': C:/src/h7-eval/ThreadSafe/newlib_lock_glue.c:114: multiple definition of `__retarget_lock_init'; c:/progra~2/armgnu~1/12dbab~1.2re/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.2.1/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard\libc_nano.a(libc_a-lock.o):lock.c:(.text.__retarget_lock_init+0x0): first defined here c:/progra~2/armgnu~1/12dbab~1.2re/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.2.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld.exe: h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/__/ThreadSafe/newlib_lock_glue.c.obj: in function `__retarget_lock_init_recursive': C:/src/h7-eval/ThreadSafe/newlib_lock_glue.c:123: multiple definition of `__retarget_lock_init_recursive'; c:/progra~2/armgnu~1/12dbab~1.2re/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.2.1/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard\libc_nano.a(libc_a-lock.o):lock.c:(.text.__retarget_lock_init_recursive+0x0): first defined here c:/progra~2/armgnu~1/12dbab~1.2re/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.2.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld.exe: h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/__/ThreadSafe/newlib_lock_glue.c.obj: in function `__retarget_lock_close': C:/src/h7-eval/ThreadSafe/newlib_lock_glue.c:146: multiple definition of `__retarget_lock_close'; c:/progra~2/armgnu~1/12dbab~1.2re/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.2.1/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard\libc_nano.a(libc_a-lock.o):lock.c:(.text.__retarget_lock_close+0x0): first defined here c:/progra~2/armgnu~1/12dbab~1.2re/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.2.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld.exe: h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/__/ThreadSafe/newlib_lock_glue.c.obj: in function `__retarget_lock_close_recursive': C:/src/h7-eval/ThreadSafe/newlib_lock_glue.c:155: multiple definition of `__retarget_lock_close_recursive'; c:/progra~2/armgnu~1/12dbab~1.2re/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.2.1/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard\libc_nano.a(libc_a-lock.o):lock.c:(.text.__retarget_lock_close_recursive+0x0): first defined here c:/progra~2/armgnu~1/12dbab~1.2re/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.2.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld.exe: h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/__/ThreadSafe/newlib_lock_glue.c.obj: in function `__retarget_lock_acquire': C:/src/h7-eval/ThreadSafe/newlib_lock_glue.c:164: multiple definition of `__retarget_lock_acquire'; c:/progra~2/armgnu~1/12dbab~1.2re/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.2.1/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard\libc_nano.a(libc_a-lock.o):lock.c:(.text.__retarget_lock_acquire+0x0): first defined here c:/progra~2/armgnu~1/12dbab~1.2re/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.2.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld.exe: h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/__/ThreadSafe/newlib_lock_glue.c.obj: in function `__retarget_lock_acquire_recursive': C:/src/h7-eval/ThreadSafe/newlib_lock_glue.c:174: multiple definition of `__retarget_lock_acquire_recursive'; c:/progra~2/armgnu~1/12dbab~1.2re/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.2.1/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard\libc_nano.a(libc_a-lock.o):lock.c:(.text.__retarget_lock_acquire_recursive+0x0): first defined here c:/progra~2/armgnu~1/12dbab~1.2re/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.2.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld.exe: h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/__/ThreadSafe/newlib_lock_glue.c.obj: in function `__retarget_lock_try_acquire': C:/src/h7-eval/ThreadSafe/newlib_lock_glue.c:185: multiple definition of `__retarget_lock_try_acquire'; c:/progra~2/armgnu~1/12dbab~1.2re/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.2.1/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard\libc_nano.a(libc_a-lock.o):lock.c:(.text.__retarget_lock_try_acquire+0x0): first defined here c:/progra~2/armgnu~1/12dbab~1.2re/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.2.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld.exe: h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/__/ThreadSafe/newlib_lock_glue.c.obj: in function `__retarget_lock_try_acquire_recursive': C:/src/h7-eval/ThreadSafe/newlib_lock_glue.c:196: multiple definition of `__retarget_lock_try_acquire_recursive'; c:/progra~2/armgnu~1/12dbab~1.2re/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.2.1/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard\libc_nano.a(libc_a-lock.o):lock.c:(.text.__retarget_lock_try_acquire_recursive+0x0): first defined here c:/progra~2/armgnu~1/12dbab~1.2re/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.2.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld.exe: h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/__/ThreadSafe/newlib_lock_glue.c.obj: in function `__retarget_lock_release': C:/src/h7-eval/ThreadSafe/newlib_lock_glue.c:206: multiple definition of `__retarget_lock_release'; c:/progra~2/armgnu~1/12dbab~1.2re/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.2.1/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard\libc_nano.a(libc_a-lock.o):lock.c:(.text.__retarget_lock_release+0x0): first defined here c:/progra~2/armgnu~1/12dbab~1.2re/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.2.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld.exe: h7-eval/CM4/CMakeFiles/h7-eval-m4.dir/__/ThreadSafe/newlib_lock_glue.c.obj: in function `__retarget_lock_release_recursive': C:/src/h7-eval/ThreadSafe/newlib_lock_glue.c:216: multiple definition of `__retarget_lock_release_recursive'; c:/progra~2/armgnu~1/12dbab~1.2re/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.2.1/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard\libc_nano.a(libc_a-lock.o):lock.c:(.text.__retarget_lock_release_recursive+0x0): first defined here c:/progra~2/armgnu~1/12dbab~1.2re/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.2.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld.exe: warning: h7-eval\CM4\h7-eval-m4.elf has a LOAD segment with RWX permissions Memory region Used Size Region Size %age Used FLASH: 53940 B 1 MB 5.14% RAM: 7 KB 288 KB 2.43% collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status ninja: build stopped: subcommand failed.
This is due to the version of libc_nano included with the 12.2 release including the retargetable locking functions (the stubs?). Is this a mistake? They aren't weak so can't be overridden by the project to provide its own locking implementation.
libc_a-lock.o: 00000000 B __lock___arc4random_mutex 00000000 B __lock___atexit_recursive_mutex 00000000 B __lock___at_quick_exit_mutex 00000000 B __lock___dd_hash_mutex 00000000 B __lock___env_recursive_mutex 00000000 B __lock___malloc_recursive_mutex 00000000 B __lock___sfp_recursive_mutex 00000000 B __lock___tz_mutex 00000001 T __retarget_lock_acquire 00000001 T __retarget_lock_acquire_recursive 00000001 T __retarget_lock_close 00000001 T __retarget_lock_close_recursive 00000001 T __retarget_lock_init 00000001 T __retarget_lock_init_recursive 00000001 T __retarget_lock_release 00000001 T __retarget_lock_release_recursive 00000001 T __retarget_lock_try_acquire 00000001 T __retarget_lock_try_acquire_recursive
These symbols were not exported by the 11.2 build. They conflict with the newlib_lock_glue.c generated by STM32CubeMX for STM32 projects (in this case, an H7 project). I thought these retargetable locking functions were supposed to be implemented by the user, and that a default implementation was not possible for a bare metal application. What is the intention for projects to do to work with GCC 12.2 newlib_nano?
I have double-checked this and I don't see any missing functions or lock structures:
Newlib locking ============== In Cygwin lock.c: Variables (struct __lock) __lock___sfp_recursive_mutex __lock___atexit_recursive_mutex __lock___at_quick_exit_mutex __lock___malloc_recursive_mutex __lock___env_recursive_mutex __lock___tz_mutex __lock___dd_hash_mutex __lock___arc4random_mutex Functions __retarget_lock_init __retarget_lock_init_recursive __retarget_lock_close __retarget_lock_close_recursive __retarget_lock_acquire __retarget_lock_acquire_recursive __retarget_lock_try_acquire __retarget_lock_try_acquire_recursive __retarget_lock_release __retarget_lock_release_recursive GCC 12.2 newlib: $ nm c:/progra~2/armgnu~1/12dbab~1.2re/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.2.1/thumb/v7e-m+dp/hard/libc_nano.a | grep __retarget | sort | uniq U __retarget_lock_acquire U __retarget_lock_acquire_recursive U __retarget_lock_close_recursive U __retarget_lock_init_recursive U __retarget_lock_release U __retarget_lock_release_recursive 00000001 T __retarget_lock_acquire 00000001 T __retarget_lock_acquire_recursive 00000001 T __retarget_lock_close 00000001 T __retarget_lock_close_recursive 00000001 T __retarget_lock_init 00000001 T __retarget_lock_init_recursive 00000001 T __retarget_lock_release 00000001 T __retarget_lock_release_recursive 00000001 T __retarget_lock_try_acquire 00000001 T __retarget_lock_try_acquire_recursive $ nm c:/progra~2/armgnu~1/12dbab~1.2re/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/12.2.1/thumb/v7e-m+dp/hard/libc_nano.a | grep __lock | sort | uniq U __lock___arc4random_mutex U __lock___at_quick_exit_mutex U __lock___atexit_recursive_mutex U __lock___env_recursive_mutex U __lock___malloc_recursive_mutex U __lock___sfp_recursive_mutex U __lock___tz_mutex 00000000 B __lock___arc4random_mutex 00000000 B __lock___at_quick_exit_mutex 00000000 B __lock___atexit_recursive_mutex 00000000 B __lock___dd_hash_mutex 00000000 B __lock___env_recursive_mutex 00000000 B __lock___malloc_recursive_mutex 00000000 B __lock___sfp_recursive_mutex 00000000 B __lock___tz_mutex STM32 lock implementation: $ nm ThreadSafe/newlib_lock_glue.c.obj | grep __retarget | sort | uniq 00000001 T __retarget_lock_acquire 00000001 T __retarget_lock_acquire_recursive 00000001 T __retarget_lock_close 00000001 T __retarget_lock_close_recursive 00000001 T __retarget_lock_init 00000001 T __retarget_lock_init_recursive 00000001 T __retarget_lock_release 00000001 T __retarget_lock_release_recursive 00000001 T __retarget_lock_try_acquire 00000001 T __retarget_lock_try_acquire_recursive $ nm ThreadSafe/newlib_lock_glue.c.obj | grep __lock | sort | uniq 00000000 B __lock___arc4random_mutex 00000000 B __lock___at_quick_exit_mutex 00000000 B __lock___atexit_recursive_mutex 00000000 B __lock___dd_hash_mutex 00000000 B __lock___env_recursive_mutex 00000000 B __lock___malloc_recursive_mutex 00000000 B __lock___sfp_recursive_mutex 00000000 B __lock___tz_mutex
I've checked the newlib lock.c source, the symbols in the C library (arm-none-eabi/12.2.1/thumb/v7e-m+dp/hard/libc_nano.a) and in the STM32 generated code (newlib_lock_glue.c). The functions and data symbols are identical in all of them.
The symbols in libc_nano.a are not weak. Will this result in a doubly-defined symbol error if every symbol within the object file is defined elsewhere? Looking at the specific object file in the libc_nano.a archive:
$ nm ./libc_a-lock.o 00000000 b $d 00000000 b $d 00000000 b $d 00000000 b $d 00000000 b $d 00000000 b $d 00000000 b $d 00000000 b $d 00000000 t $t 00000000 t $t 00000000 t $t 00000000 t $t 00000000 t $t 00000000 t $t 00000000 t $t 00000000 t $t 00000000 t $t 00000000 t $t 00000000 B __lock___arc4random_mutex 00000000 B __lock___at_quick_exit_mutex 00000000 B __lock___atexit_recursive_mutex 00000000 B __lock___dd_hash_mutex 00000000 B __lock___env_recursive_mutex 00000000 B __lock___malloc_recursive_mutex 00000000 B __lock___sfp_recursive_mutex 00000000 B __lock___tz_mutex 00000001 T __retarget_lock_acquire 00000001 T __retarget_lock_acquire_recursive 00000001 T __retarget_lock_close 00000001 T __retarget_lock_close_recursive 00000001 T __retarget_lock_init 00000001 T __retarget_lock_init_recursive 00000001 T __retarget_lock_release 00000001 T __retarget_lock_release_recursive 00000001 T __retarget_lock_try_acquire 00000001 T __retarget_lock_try_acquire_recursive
I don't see any additional public symbols which would be confounding things here.
Unless I'm missing something very obvious, I can't see any cause for the linker error here, and this has left me somewhat confused.
If you have any suggestions for what else might be at fault here, I would certainly be very grateful.
Kind regards,
Roger
This turned out to be an odd issue with the linker. I made this change:
- -Wl,--gc-sections -static -Wl,--start-group -lc -lm -Wl,--end-group + -Wl,--gc-sections -static
For some reason (I'll need to dig further), this was being placed on the linker command-line before the application object files and any linked libraries, and that was the cause of the linker error. Removing it resolves this problem.
Ahhh nicely done! Yea I'd confirmed what you'd said about the symbols being identical, but never got around to experimenting with linker command line setups.It makes sense that this is the cause of the propblem we were seeing, though -- the {start/end}-group options would cause a loop where the linker would try to resolve all symbols it can from within the group, so that was pulling in the fault-stub library definitions before the overrides. Better practice would be to only do such grouping right at the end of the linker command line