Dear all, I am a newbie on 8051 C programming. I'd like to know if there is any instruction reference on the web. By the way, I have a question: TMOD &=0xFF TMOD |=0xFF What do those '&=' and '|=' mean? Thanks
"I am a newbie on 8051 C programming ... What do those '&=' and '|=' mean?" Looks like you are a newbie to both 'C' programming and the 8051? The '&=' and '|=' are standard 'C' operators - you can look them up in any 'C' textbook. 8051 Standard advice: First, you need to read the uVision Getting Started guide, and work through the example projects in it. This will give you a proper introductions to the tools, how they work, and how to use them - rather than just jumping-in blindly at the deep-end! You need to read the following documents - commonly referred to as "the bible" for the 8051: Chapter 1 - 80C51 Family Architecture: http://www.semiconductors.philips.com/acrobat/various/80C51_FAM_ARCH_1.pdf Chapter 2 - 80C51 Family Programmer's Guide and Instruction Set: http://www.semiconductors.philips.com/acrobat/various/80C51_FAM_PROG_GUIDE_1.pdf Chapter 3 - 80C51 Family Hardware Description: http://www.semiconductors.philips.com/acrobat/various/80C51_FAM_HARDWARE_1.pdf Here are some other introductory & reference materials: http://www.keil.com/books/8051books.asp http://www.8052.com/books.phtml http://www.8052.com/tutorial.phtml You will need to read the Data Sheet for your particular processor, and the Manual(s) for any development boards, etc. You will need to read the Manuals for the C51 Compiler, A51 Assembler, etc, etc,...