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Hi, there,
I am new to ARM and just downloaded MDK3.70 demo to try to get Blinky to run on lpc2106.
I set up uvision3, and wired up the schematic in Proteus (7.1), since I already downloaded an almost identical program there - with a .hex file. the program is to flash LEDs linked to P0.0-P0.7. The Proteus simulation, with the pre-made .hex file, worked well.
so I decided to produce my own .hex file in uvision3, see below.
=========code=========== #include <LPC210x.H> /* LPC210x definitions */
void wait (void) { /* wait function */ ; /* only to delay for LED flashes */ }
int main (void) { // unsigned int i; /* Delay var */ // unsigned int j; /* LED var */
PINSEL0=0x00; IODIR = 0xFF; // P0.0..7 defined as Outputs */
while (1) { IOSET=0xff; //?? IOCLR=0xff; } }
========end of code==============
I didn't put the wait() function there for simplicity.
well, uvision did produce a .hex file. I loaded the file to the proteus simulation, and replaced the pre-made .hex. no go. all ports are in high impedance mode and nothing happened.
I would appreciate very much if you can point me in the right direction. I am thinking the problem is likely caused by my uvision not producing the right .hex file (wrong settings somewhere?) but I am not sure where to start.
your help is greatly appreciated. Thanks.
tamir, thanks for the reply. but I am not sure if wait() is the problem.
here is the complete code, including the wait function.
===========code================ #include <LPC210x.H> /* LPC210x definitions */
void wait(void) { int i,dly; for (dly=10;dly>0;dly--) for(i=0;i<50000;i++); } /**************************************************************** *??: main() *??: ??LED? ****************************************************************/ int main(void) { PINSEL0=0x00; //??????GPIO IODIR= 0xff; //????? while(1){ IOSET=0xff; //?? wait(); IOCLR=0xff; } } =============end of code================
again, any help is greatly appreciated. Thanks.
sorry for the messy posting.
I am learning the "pre" tag, :)
#include <LPC210x.H> /* LPC210x definitions */ void wait(void) { int i,dly; for (dly=10;dly>0;dly--) for(i=0;i<50000;i++); } /**************************************************************** *??: main() *??: ??LED? ****************************************************************/ int main(void) { PINSEL0=0x00; //??????GPIO IODIR= 0xff; //????? while(1){ IOSET=0xff; //?? wait(); IOCLR=0xff; } }
other things to consider when trying to delay your problem with C:
1. using 'pre' and '/pre' to post code... 2. the effect of compiler optimization on empty loops - are you sure the compiler even generates assembly for your C loop?
not that it is good practice, but don't the behavior of your program change if you declare the loop variables as volatile...?
tamir, good questions.
I did take a look at the disassembly window and the code is generated to jump to wait().
I also step'd through the main() function and watched the last 8bits in port to change from 0 to 1 and then 0. so it is definitely working from a procedural point of view. Looks like when it goes from C to .hex, something happened.
What happened is probably brutal raw speed. Use the simulator to compute how much time the delay function actually takes.
Or turn on assembly listings and look if the delay function contains any code, or if it is more or less empty. The compiler can clearly see that your delay function does not produce any results that you are keeping, so the compiler may throw away all code inside the function.
Another big problem with your code, is that it should have two delays. One delay with the LEDs on, and one delay with the LEDs off.
thanks, per. here is the new code - still no go.
#include <LPC210x.H> /* LPC210x definitions */ void wait(int dly) { int i; for (;dly>0;dly--) for(i=0;i<50000;i++); } /**************************************************************** *??: main() *??: ??LED? ****************************************************************/ int main(void) { PINSEL0=0x00; //??????GPIO IODIR= 0xff; //????? while(1){ IOSET=0xff; //?? wait(10); IOCLR=0xff; wait(10); } }
here is the disassembly sectioon for wait():
7: for(i=0;i<50000;i++); 0x00000210 E59F2058 LDR R2,[PC,#0x0058] 6: for (;dly>0;dly--) 7: for(i=0;i<50000;i++); 0x00000214 EA000004 B 0x0000022C 0x00000218 E3A01000 MOV R1,#0x00000000 0x0000021C E2811001 ADD R1,R1,#0x00000001 0x00000220 E1510002 CMP R1,R2 0x00000224 BAFFFFFC BLT 0x0000021C 0x00000228 E2400001 SUB R0,R0,#0x00000001 0x0000022C E3500000 CMP R0,#0x00000000 0x00000230 CAFFFFF8 BGT 0x00000218 8: }
here is the main body of the program.
15: PINSEL0=0x00; //??????GPIO 0x00000240 E52DE004 STR R14,[R13,#-0x0004]! 0x00000244 E5810000 STR R0,[R1] 16: IODIR= 0xff; //????? 17: while(1){ 0x00000248 E3A0C0FF MOV R12,#0x000000FF 0x0000024C E2413901 SUB R3,R1,#0x00004000 0x00000250 E583C008 STR R12,[R3,#0x0008] 18: IOSET=0xff; //?? 0x00000254 E583C004 STR R12,[R3,#0x0004] 19: wait(10); 0x00000258 E3A0000A MOV R0,#0x0000000A 0x0000025C EBFFFFEB BL wait(0x00000210) 20: IOCLR=0xff; 0x00000260 E583C00C STR R12,[R3,#0x000C] 21: wait(10); 0x00000264 E3A0000A MOV R0,#0x0000000A 0x00000268 EBFFFFE8 BL wait(0x00000210)
out of desparation, I took the blinky project under the examples folder, and made it to compile for lpc2106, and it still wouldn't work.
see the code attached below. In Proteus, there is no change in pin status: they are all in high impedance mode.
what gives?
/******************************************************************************/ /* BLINKY.C: LED Flasher */ /******************************************************************************/ /* This file is part of the uVision/ARM development tools. */ /* Copyright (c) 2005-2006 Keil Software. All rights reserved. */ /* This software may only be used under the terms of a valid, current, */ /* end user licence from KEIL for a compatible version of KEIL software */ /* development tools. Nothing else gives you the right to use this software. */ /******************************************************************************/ #include <LPC210x.H> /* LPC21xx definitions */ void wait (void) { /* wait function */ int d; for (d = 0; d < 1000000; d++); /* only to delay for LED flashes */ } int main (void) { unsigned int i; /* LED var */ IODIR = 0x00FF0000; /* P0.16..23 defined as Outputs */ while (1) { /* Loop forever */ for (i = 1<<16; i < 1<<23; i <<= 1) { /* Blink LED 0,1,2,3,4,5,6 */ IOSET = i; /* Turn on LED */ wait (); /* call wait function */ IOCLR = i; /* Turn off LED */ } for (i = 1<<23; i > 1<<16; i >>=1 ) { /* Blink LED 7,6,5,4,3,2,1 */ IOSET = i; /* Turn on LED */ wait (); /* call wait function */ IOCLR = i; /* Turn off LED */ } } }
also, I noticed that some (all?) projects in the examples and board folders have "retarget.c" in the project file list. but my own blinky project doesn't have it.
what's is that file for?
problem resolved!
I still don't know what happened but I went through a couple uninstall / install cycles and now the same program produces the right .hex file that flashes those lovely LEDs!
Thanks everyone for your help.
this is KILLING me!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
so I had some issues with my mdk3.70 demo not producing the right .hex file. I solved that by uninstalling and reinstalling it a few times.
and the program worked beautifully until I used it today. it would produce a .hex file but that .hex file wouldn't change any of the pins, as it did before.
uninstalling / reinstalling doesn't solve the problem this time.
I understand that the demo version has code size limitations. But does it also have a time limitation as well - the keil website isn't exactly clear on that.
any solutions?
Thanks.