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Is the operation below an atomic operation in a multitasking environment like RTX-51? If it is not, then what is supposed to do to make it an atomic one except using locking mechanisms?
void func() { int locVal = globalVal++; ... ... }
I.e. you need an atomic instruction to work around the lack of an atomic instruction. Chicken/Egg, here we come!
Only if you do things like disabling interrupts in an ISR without re-enabling them before leaving the ISR, or your processor has an interrupt system where there's a window after disabling interrupts in which interrupts can still occur.
And even the venerable 8051 has an atomic "jump if bit is set and clear bit" instruction.