My customer is using Cube. I do not. I wrote some library and created a very simple project to test and validate it. U did use Keil and armcc v5.06. I had trouble adding this library to the same test project within Cube. My next step was to build the same library setting Keil MDK to use GNU toolchain.
Here ios my build output:
Build started: Project: main*** Note: Rebuilding project, since 'Options->Output->Create Batch File' is selected.Rebuild target 'mc_comm_lib_mk9p0'compiling main.c...compiling system_stm32g4xx.c...assembling startup_stm32g431xx.asm...linking...c:\st\stm32cubeide_1.6.0\stm32cubeide\plugins\com.st.stm32cube.ide.mcu.externaltools.gnu-tools-for-stm32.9-2020-q2-update.win32_1.5.0.202011040924\tools\arm-none-eabi\bin\ld.exe: ./out/startup_stm32g431xx.o: in function `LoopForever':B:/STM32/G4/Examples/mc_comm_lib GNU mk9p0/../../Nimbus/PAL/SRC/startup_stm32g431xx.asm:87: undefined reference to `_siccmram'c:\st\stm32cubeide_1.6.0\stm32cubeide\plugins\com.st.stm32cube.ide.mcu.externaltools.gnu-tools-for-stm32.9-2020-q2-update.win32_1.5.0.202011040924\tools\arm-none-eabi\bin\ld.exe: B:/STM32/G4/Examples/mc_comm_lib GNU mk9p0/../../Nimbus/PAL/SRC/startup_stm32g431xx.asm:93: undefined reference to `_sccmram'c:\st\stm32cubeide_1.6.0\stm32cubeide\plugins\com.st.stm32cube.ide.mcu.externaltools.gnu-tools-for-stm32.9-2020-q2-update.win32_1.5.0.202011040924\tools\arm-none-eabi\bin\ld.exe: B:/STM32/G4/Examples/mc_comm_lib GNU mk9p0/../../Nimbus/PAL/SRC/startup_stm32g431xx.asm:94: undefined reference to `_eccmram'c:\st\stm32cubeide_1.6.0\stm32cubeide\plugins\com.st.stm32cube.ide.mcu.externaltools.gnu-tools-for-stm32.9-2020-q2-update.win32_1.5.0.202011040924\tools\arm-none-eabi\bin\ld.exe: c:/st/stm32cubeide_1.6.0/stm32cubeide/plugins/com.st.stm32cube.ide.mcu.externaltools.gnu-tools-for-stm32.9-2020-q2-update.win32_1.5.0.202011040924/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard\libc.a(lib_a-exit.o): in function `exit':exit.c:(.text.exit+0x16): undefined reference to `_exit'collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status".\OUT\main.elf" - 1 Error(s), 0 Warning(s).Target not created.Build Time Elapsed: 00:00:07
Build started: Project: main
*** Note: Rebuilding project, since 'Options->Output->Create Batch File' is selected.
Rebuild target 'mc_comm_lib_mk9p0'
compiling main.c...
compiling system_stm32g4xx.c...
assembling startup_stm32g431xx.asm...
linking...
c:\st\stm32cubeide_1.6.0\stm32cubeide\plugins\com.st.stm32cube.ide.mcu.externaltools.gnu-tools-for-stm32.9-2020-q2-update.win32_1.5.0.202011040924\tools\arm-none-eabi\bin\ld.exe: ./out/startup_stm32g431xx.o: in function `LoopForever':
B:/STM32/G4/Examples/mc_comm_lib GNU mk9p0/../../Nimbus/PAL/SRC/startup_stm32g431xx.asm:87: undefined reference to `_siccmram'
c:\st\stm32cubeide_1.6.0\stm32cubeide\plugins\com.st.stm32cube.ide.mcu.externaltools.gnu-tools-for-stm32.9-2020-q2-update.win32_1.5.0.202011040924\tools\arm-none-eabi\bin\ld.exe: B:/STM32/G4/Examples/mc_comm_lib GNU mk9p0/../../Nimbus/PAL/SRC/startup_stm32g431xx.asm:93: undefined reference to `_sccmram'
c:\st\stm32cubeide_1.6.0\stm32cubeide\plugins\com.st.stm32cube.ide.mcu.externaltools.gnu-tools-for-stm32.9-2020-q2-update.win32_1.5.0.202011040924\tools\arm-none-eabi\bin\ld.exe: B:/STM32/G4/Examples/mc_comm_lib GNU mk9p0/../../Nimbus/PAL/SRC/startup_stm32g431xx.asm:94: undefined reference to `_eccmram'
c:\st\stm32cubeide_1.6.0\stm32cubeide\plugins\com.st.stm32cube.ide.mcu.externaltools.gnu-tools-for-stm32.9-2020-q2-update.win32_1.5.0.202011040924\tools\arm-none-eabi\bin\ld.exe: c:/st/stm32cubeide_1.6.0/stm32cubeide/plugins/com.st.stm32cube.ide.mcu.externaltools.gnu-tools-for-stm32.9-2020-q2-update.win32_1.5.0.202011040924/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/9.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb/v7e-m+fp/hard\libc.a(lib_a-exit.o): in function `exit':
exit.c:(.text.exit+0x16): undefined reference to `_exit'
collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status
".\OUT\main.elf" - 1 Error(s), 0 Warning(s).
Target not created.
Build Time Elapsed: 00:00:07
This is the startup file:
/** ****************************************************************************** * @file startup_stm32g431xx.s * @author MCD Application Team * @brief STM32G431xx devices vector table GCC toolchain. * This module performs: * - Set the initial SP * - Set the initial PC == Reset_Handler, * - Set the vector table entries with the exceptions ISR address, * - Configure the clock system * - Branches to main in the C library (which eventually * calls main()). * After Reset the Cortex-M4 processor is in Thread mode, * priority is Privileged, and the Stack is set to Main. ****************************************************************************** * @attention * * <h2><center>© Copyright (c) 2019 STMicroelectronics. * All rights reserved.</center></h2> * * This software component is licensed by ST under BSD 3-Clause license, * the "License"; You may not use this file except in compliance with the * License. You may obtain a copy of the License at: * opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause * ****************************************************************************** */ .syntax unified .cpu cortex-m4 .fpu softvfp .thumb .global g_pfnVectors .global Default_Handler /* start address for the initialization values of the .data section. defined in linker script */ .word _sidata /* start address for the .data section. defined in linker script */ .word _sdata /* end address for the .data section. defined in linker script */ .word _edata /* start address for the .bss section. defined in linker script */ .word _sbss /* end address for the .bss section. defined in linker script */ .word _ebss .equ BootRAM, 0xF1E0F85F /** * @brief This is the code that gets called when the processor first * starts execution following a reset event. Only the absolutely * necessary set is performed, after which the application * supplied main() routine is called. * @param None * @retval : None */ .section .text.Reset_Handler .weak Reset_Handler .type Reset_Handler, %function Reset_Handler: ldr r0, =_estack mov sp, r0 /* set stack pointer */ /* Copy the data segment initializers from flash to SRAM */ ldr r0, =_sdata ldr r1, =_edata ldr r2, =_sidata movs r3, #0 b LoopCopyDataInit CopyDataInit: ldr r4, [r2, r3] str r4, [r0, r3] adds r3, r3, #4 LoopCopyDataInit: adds r4, r0, r3 cmp r4, r1 bcc CopyDataInit /* Zero fill the bss segment. */ ldr r2, =_sbss ldr r4, =_ebss movs r3, #0 b LoopFillZerobss FillZerobss: str r3, [r2] adds r2, r2, #4 LoopFillZerobss: cmp r2, r4 bcc FillZerobss /* Call the clock system intitialization function.*/ bl SystemInit /* Call static constructors */ bl __libc_init_array /* Call the application's entry point.*/ bl main LoopForever: b LoopForever .size Reset_Handler, .-Reset_Handler /** * @brief This is the code that gets called when the processor receives an * unexpected interrupt. This simply enters an infinite loop, preserving * the system state for examination by a debugger. * * @param None * @retval : None */ .section .text.Default_Handler,"ax",%progbits Default_Handler: Infinite_Loop: b Infinite_Loop .size Default_Handler, .-Default_Handler /****************************************************************************** * * The minimal vector table for a Cortex-M4. Note that the proper constructs * must be placed on this to ensure that it ends up at physical address * 0x0000.0000. * ******************************************************************************/ .section .isr_vector,"a",%progbits .type g_pfnVectors, %object .size g_pfnVectors, .-g_pfnVectors g_pfnVectors: .word _estack .word Reset_Handler .word NMI_Handler .word HardFault_Handler .word MemManage_Handler .word BusFault_Handler .word UsageFault_Handler .word 0 .word 0 .word 0 .word 0 .word SVC_Handler .word DebugMon_Handler .word 0 .word PendSV_Handler .word SysTick_Handler .word WWDG_IRQHandler .word PVD_PVM_IRQHandler .word RTC_TAMP_LSECSS_IRQHandler .word RTC_WKUP_IRQHandler .word FLASH_IRQHandler .word RCC_IRQHandler .word EXTI0_IRQHandler .word EXTI1_IRQHandler .word EXTI2_IRQHandler .word EXTI3_IRQHandler .word EXTI4_IRQHandler .word DMA1_Channel1_IRQHandler .word DMA1_Channel2_IRQHandler .word DMA1_Channel3_IRQHandler .word DMA1_Channel4_IRQHandler .word DMA1_Channel5_IRQHandler .word DMA1_Channel6_IRQHandler .word 0 .word ADC1_2_IRQHandler .word USB_HP_IRQHandler .word USB_LP_IRQHandler .word FDCAN1_IT0_IRQHandler .word FDCAN1_IT1_IRQHandler .word EXTI9_5_IRQHandler .word TIM1_BRK_TIM15_IRQHandler .word TIM1_UP_TIM16_IRQHandler .word TIM1_TRG_COM_TIM17_IRQHandler .word TIM1_CC_IRQHandler .word TIM2_IRQHandler .word TIM3_IRQHandler .word TIM4_IRQHandler .word I2C1_EV_IRQHandler .word I2C1_ER_IRQHandler .word I2C2_EV_IRQHandler .word I2C2_ER_IRQHandler .word SPI1_IRQHandler .word SPI2_IRQHandler .word USART1_IRQHandler .word USART2_IRQHandler .word USART3_IRQHandler .word EXTI15_10_IRQHandler .word RTC_Alarm_IRQHandler .word USBWakeUp_IRQHandler .word TIM8_BRK_IRQHandler .word TIM8_UP_IRQHandler .word TIM8_TRG_COM_IRQHandler .word TIM8_CC_IRQHandler .word 0 .word 0 .word LPTIM1_IRQHandler .word 0 .word SPI3_IRQHandler .word UART4_IRQHandler .word 0 .word TIM6_DAC_IRQHandler .word TIM7_IRQHandler .word DMA2_Channel1_IRQHandler .word DMA2_Channel2_IRQHandler .word DMA2_Channel3_IRQHandler .word DMA2_Channel4_IRQHandler .word DMA2_Channel5_IRQHandler .word 0 .word 0 .word UCPD1_IRQHandler .word COMP1_2_3_IRQHandler .word COMP4_IRQHandler .word 0 .word 0 .word 0 .word 0 .word 0 .word 0 .word 0 .word 0 .word 0 .word CRS_IRQHandler .word SAI1_IRQHandler .word 0 .word 0 .word 0 .word 0 .word FPU_IRQHandler .word 0 .word 0 .word 0 .word 0 .word 0 .word 0 .word 0 .word 0 .word RNG_IRQHandler .word LPUART1_IRQHandler .word I2C3_EV_IRQHandler .word I2C3_ER_IRQHandler .word DMAMUX_OVR_IRQHandler .word 0 .word 0 .word DMA2_Channel6_IRQHandler .word 0 .word 0 .word CORDIC_IRQHandler .word FMAC_IRQHandler /******************************************************************************* * * Provide weak aliases for each Exception handler to the Default_Handler. * As they are weak aliases, any function with the same name will override * this definition. * *******************************************************************************/ .weak NMI_Handler .thumb_set NMI_Handler,Default_Handler .weak HardFault_Handler .thumb_set HardFault_Handler,Default_Handler .weak MemManage_Handler .thumb_set MemManage_Handler,Default_Handler .weak BusFault_Handler .thumb_set BusFault_Handler,Default_Handler .weak UsageFault_Handler .thumb_set UsageFault_Handler,Default_Handler .weak SVC_Handler .thumb_set SVC_Handler,Default_Handler .weak DebugMon_Handler .thumb_set DebugMon_Handler,Default_Handler .weak PendSV_Handler .thumb_set PendSV_Handler,Default_Handler .weak SysTick_Handler .thumb_set SysTick_Handler,Default_Handler .weak WWDG_IRQHandler .thumb_set WWDG_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak PVD_PVM_IRQHandler .thumb_set PVD_PVM_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak RTC_TAMP_LSECSS_IRQHandler .thumb_set RTC_TAMP_LSECSS_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak RTC_WKUP_IRQHandler .thumb_set RTC_WKUP_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak FLASH_IRQHandler .thumb_set FLASH_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak RCC_IRQHandler .thumb_set RCC_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak EXTI0_IRQHandler .thumb_set EXTI0_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak EXTI1_IRQHandler .thumb_set EXTI1_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak EXTI2_IRQHandler .thumb_set EXTI2_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak EXTI3_IRQHandler .thumb_set EXTI3_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak EXTI4_IRQHandler .thumb_set EXTI4_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak DMA1_Channel1_IRQHandler .thumb_set DMA1_Channel1_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak DMA1_Channel2_IRQHandler .thumb_set DMA1_Channel2_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak DMA1_Channel3_IRQHandler .thumb_set DMA1_Channel3_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak DMA1_Channel4_IRQHandler .thumb_set DMA1_Channel4_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak DMA1_Channel5_IRQHandler .thumb_set DMA1_Channel5_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak DMA1_Channel6_IRQHandler .thumb_set DMA1_Channel6_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak ADC1_2_IRQHandler .thumb_set ADC1_2_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak USB_HP_IRQHandler .thumb_set USB_HP_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak USB_LP_IRQHandler .thumb_set USB_LP_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak FDCAN1_IT0_IRQHandler .thumb_set FDCAN1_IT0_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak FDCAN1_IT1_IRQHandler .thumb_set FDCAN1_IT1_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak EXTI9_5_IRQHandler .thumb_set EXTI9_5_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak TIM1_BRK_TIM15_IRQHandler .thumb_set TIM1_BRK_TIM15_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak TIM1_UP_TIM16_IRQHandler .thumb_set TIM1_UP_TIM16_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak TIM1_TRG_COM_TIM17_IRQHandler .thumb_set TIM1_TRG_COM_TIM17_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak TIM1_CC_IRQHandler .thumb_set TIM1_CC_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak TIM2_IRQHandler .thumb_set TIM2_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak TIM3_IRQHandler .thumb_set TIM3_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak TIM4_IRQHandler .thumb_set TIM4_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak I2C1_EV_IRQHandler .thumb_set I2C1_EV_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak I2C1_ER_IRQHandler .thumb_set I2C1_ER_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak I2C2_EV_IRQHandler .thumb_set I2C2_EV_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak I2C2_ER_IRQHandler .thumb_set I2C2_ER_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak SPI1_IRQHandler .thumb_set SPI1_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak SPI2_IRQHandler .thumb_set SPI2_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak USART1_IRQHandler .thumb_set USART1_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak USART2_IRQHandler .thumb_set USART2_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak USART3_IRQHandler .thumb_set USART3_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak EXTI15_10_IRQHandler .thumb_set EXTI15_10_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak RTC_Alarm_IRQHandler .thumb_set RTC_Alarm_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak USBWakeUp_IRQHandler .thumb_set USBWakeUp_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak TIM8_BRK_IRQHandler .thumb_set TIM8_BRK_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak TIM8_UP_IRQHandler .thumb_set TIM8_UP_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak TIM8_TRG_COM_IRQHandler .thumb_set TIM8_TRG_COM_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak TIM8_CC_IRQHandler .thumb_set TIM8_CC_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak LPTIM1_IRQHandler .thumb_set LPTIM1_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak SPI3_IRQHandler .thumb_set SPI3_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak UART4_IRQHandler .thumb_set UART4_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak TIM6_DAC_IRQHandler .thumb_set TIM6_DAC_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak TIM7_IRQHandler .thumb_set TIM7_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak DMA2_Channel1_IRQHandler .thumb_set DMA2_Channel1_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak DMA2_Channel2_IRQHandler .thumb_set DMA2_Channel2_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak DMA2_Channel3_IRQHandler .thumb_set DMA2_Channel3_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak DMA2_Channel4_IRQHandler .thumb_set DMA2_Channel4_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak DMA2_Channel5_IRQHandler .thumb_set DMA2_Channel5_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak UCPD1_IRQHandler .thumb_set UCPD1_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak COMP1_2_3_IRQHandler .thumb_set COMP1_2_3_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak COMP4_IRQHandler .thumb_set COMP4_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak CRS_IRQHandler .thumb_set CRS_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak SAI1_IRQHandler .thumb_set SAI1_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak FPU_IRQHandler .thumb_set FPU_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak RNG_IRQHandler .thumb_set RNG_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak LPUART1_IRQHandler .thumb_set LPUART1_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak I2C3_EV_IRQHandler .thumb_set I2C3_EV_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak I2C3_ER_IRQHandler .thumb_set I2C3_ER_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak DMAMUX_OVR_IRQHandler .thumb_set DMAMUX_OVR_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak DMA2_Channel6_IRQHandler .thumb_set DMA2_Channel6_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak CORDIC_IRQHandler .thumb_set CORDIC_IRQHandler,Default_Handler .weak FMAC_IRQHandler .thumb_set FMAC_IRQHandler,Default_Handler /************************ (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/
Could you please let me know what I'm missing?
Thanks.